Kommer Natrium-jon slå ut Lithium-jon batterier?

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reboot
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Blev medlem: 08 maj 2019 00:08

Kommer Natrium-jon slå ut Lithium-jon batterier?

Inlägg av reboot »

Could CATL’s sodium-ion battery be the next breakthrough in electric vehicle batteries?

https://www.just-auto.com/comment/could ... tent=Image

Lithium-ion batteries are the de facto standard for electric vehicles. They offer the kind of energy density necessary to give vehicles enough range for most uses, are resilient enough to last for thousands of charging cycles, offer enough power to drive an electric motor, and are available at a price and quantity that makes them ideal for the automotive industry.

While development of lithium-ion cells has yielded gradual improvements in energy density or cycle life, battery players are also looking to new chemistries beyond the dominant lithium-based approaches commonly used today to steal an edge over their competitors. One such emerging field of battery technology revolves around swapping out the lithium content of these cells for sodium.

Sodium is an alkali metal and sits one row below lithium in the periodic table. As such, it offers similar properties to lithium and can be used as a charge carrier in a battery cell. Each sodium ion, however, is larger than an equivalent lithium ion and battery researchers have struggled to design an anode (positively charged electrode) that can absorb enough sodium ions to give a sodium-based cell enough energy density to make it applicable to electrified vehicles.

In addition, lithium is the least dense metal known to science so weighs less than sodium. This means that sodium-ion batteries are heavier than lithium-ion versions. In electric vehicles especially, weight is a critical factor in determining how much range can be achieved because for every additional kilo added, more energy must be wasted to move it.

A recent development that has somewhat swung the needle back in sodium-ion’s favour is the further refinement of carbon-based anodes. Previously, graphite was employed as an anode in sodium-ion but its ability to absorb sodium ions was limited, restricting its performance. However, German and Russian researchers at the Helmholtz Centre Dresden-Rossendorf have demonstrated that graphene – single-atom-thick carbon – could be used as anode. Graphene is potentially able to capture many sodium ions between atom-thick sheets of carbon. This would drastically increase the ionic absorption of the anode and bring the performance of sodium-ion cells into the same ballpark as lithium-ion.

If they can be optimised and commercialised, sodium-ion cells offer some distinct advantages over lithium-ion cells. Chinese battery manufacturer CATL claims sodium-ion cells could offer greater fast-charging performance than current Li-ion cells, along with lifecycle and safety performance that matches or exceeds that of its own LFP*-based lithium cells. CATL also points to sodium-ion’s impressive low-temperature performance where the chemistry sees less capacity and performance fading than lithium-ion, which is known to struggle in cold climates.
*= Lithium-Järnfosfat

Plus, sodium-ion cells can be made without some of the rarefied resources needed to build lithium-ion cells. For one, sodium is far more abundant than lithium, so can be produced in a larger quantity at a lower cost – even if sodium-ion cells do not become common in EVs, this reason alone makes them potentially very interesting in the static energy storage market, where weight and energy density are less of a detriment. In addition, sodium-ion cells do not make use of cobalt, which is costly and has been linked with human rights abuses in mines in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

From a manufacturing perspective, sodium-ion cells can be made using existing battery manufacturing equipment so would not require costly factory redesigns to be put into production. CATL began small-scale commercial deployment of sodium-ion battery cells in July 2021 and plans to ramp up the sodium-ion supply chain through to 2023.
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pepparen
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Blev medlem: 29 sep 2021 09:49

Re: Kommer Natrium-jon slå ut Lithium-jon batterier?

Inlägg av pepparen »

Det låter alltid lovande med ny batteriteknik, det görs hela tiden stora vetenskapliga framsteg med nya tekniker, tidningar som ny teknik skriver ofta om dom, men efter rubrikerna verkar det inte hända något, vi har fortfarande Lithium-jon batterier 20 år senare(eller ngt)... Trots att det kommer fler och fler rubriker om fantastiska nya batteritekniker.

Varför blir det så här? Är det en stor vilja av teknikmedia att "sälja lösnummer" på stora rubriker? Försöker forskare blåsa upp sina ideer för att få forskningsbidrag? Är metallerna eller andra ämnen som ingår i batterierna alltid dyra eller svåra att få tag i?

Jag vill gärna tro på Natrium-Jon, men har nog brännt mig förr på förhoppningar om bättre batteriteknik :lol:
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bastard
Inlägg: 10335
Blev medlem: 25 apr 2019 23:20
Ort: South of Heaven

Re: Kommer Natrium-jon slå ut Lithium-jon batterier?

Inlägg av bastard »

långtidstester är en sak, många batteritekniker är instabila , tja alla men mer eller mindre

om något funkar, är billigare och / eller bättre så kommer det ända ta tid innan det byggs fabriker för det

jag bryr mig inte nu, utan det som jag kan få i handen på något sätt är det som gäller för all teknik
kiss, keep it simple stupid
funderar om inte Thanos hadde rätt ändå
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